Merge tag 'mm-stable-2026-02-11-19-22' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm

4cff5c05 · Linus Torvalds <[email protected]> · 2026-02-12 11:32:37 -08:00

Pull MM updates from Andrew Morton:

 - "powerpc/64s: do not re-activate batched TLB flush" makes
   arch_{enter|leave}_lazy_mmu_mode() nest properly (Alexander Gordeev)

   It adds a generic enter/leave layer and switches architectures to use
   it. Various hacks were removed in the process.

 - "zram: introduce compressed data writeback" implements data
   compression for zram writeback (Richard Chang and Sergey Senozhatsky)

 - "mm: folio_zero_user: clear page ranges" adds clearing of contiguous
   page ranges for hugepages. Large improvements during demand faulting
   are demonstrated (David Hildenbrand)

 - "memcg cleanups" tidies up some memcg code (Chen Ridong)

 - "mm/damon: introduce {,max_}nr_snapshots and tracepoint for damos
   stats" improves DAMOS stat's provided information, deterministic
   control, and readability (SeongJae Park)

 - "selftests/mm: hugetlb cgroup charging: robustness fixes" fixes a few
   issues in the hugetlb cgroup charging selftests (Li Wang)

 - "Fix va_high_addr_switch.sh test failure - again" addresses several
   issues in the va_high_addr_switch test (Chunyu Hu)

 - "mm/damon/tests/core-kunit: extend existing test scenarios" improves
   the KUnit test coverage for DAMON (Shu Anzai)

 - "mm/khugepaged: fix dirty page handling for MADV_COLLAPSE" fixes a
   glitch in khugepaged which was causing madvise(MADV_COLLAPSE) to
   transiently return -EAGAIN (Shivank Garg)

 - "arch, mm: consolidate hugetlb early reservation" reworks and
   consolidates a pile of straggly code related to reservation of
   hugetlb memory from bootmem and creation of CMA areas for hugetlb
   (Mike Rapoport)

 - "mm: clean up anon_vma implementation" cleans up the anon_vma
   implementation in various ways (Lorenzo Stoakes)

 - "tweaks for __alloc_pages_slowpath()" does a little streamlining of
   the page allocator's slowpath code (Vlastimil Babka)

 - "memcg: separate private and public ID namespaces" cleans up the
   memcg ID code and prevents the internal-only private IDs from being
   exposed to userspace (Shakeel Butt)

 - "mm: hugetlb: allocate frozen gigantic folio" cleans up the
   allocation of frozen folios and avoids some atomic refcount
   operations (Kefeng Wang)

 - "mm/damon: advance DAMOS-based LRU sorting" improves DAMOS's movement
   of memory betewwn the active and inactive LRUs and adds auto-tuning
   of the ratio-based quotas and of monitoring intervals (SeongJae Park)

 - "Support page table check on PowerPC" makes
   CONFIG_PAGE_TABLE_CHECK_ENFORCED work on powerpc (Andrew Donnellan)

 - "nodemask: align nodes_and{,not} with underlying bitmap ops" makes
   nodes_and() and nodes_andnot() propagate the return values from the
   underlying bit operations, enabling some cleanup in calling code
   (Yury Norov)

 - "mm/damon: hide kdamond and kdamond_lock from API callers" cleans up
   some DAMON internal interfaces (SeongJae Park)

 - "mm/khugepaged: cleanups and scan limit fix" does some cleanup work
   in khupaged and fixes a scan limit accounting issue (Shivank Garg)

 - "mm: balloon infrastructure cleanups" goes to town on the balloon
   infrastructure and its page migration function. Mainly cleanups, also
   some locking simplification (David Hildenbrand)

 - "mm/vmscan: add tracepoint and reason for kswapd_failures reset" adds
   additional tracepoints to the page reclaim code (Jiayuan Chen)

 - "Replace wq users and add WQ_PERCPU to alloc_workqueue() users" is
   part of Marco's kernel-wide migration from the legacy workqueue APIs
   over to the preferred unbound workqueues (Marco Crivellari)

 - "Various mm kselftests improvements/fixes" provides various unrelated
   improvements/fixes for the mm kselftests (Kevin Brodsky)

 - "mm: accelerate gigantic folio allocation" greatly speeds up gigantic
   folio allocation, mainly by avoiding unnecessary work in
   pfn_range_valid_contig() (Kefeng Wang)

 - "selftests/damon: improve leak detection and wss estimation
   reliability" improves the reliability of two of the DAMON selftests
   (SeongJae Park)

 - "mm/damon: cleanup kdamond, damon_call(), damos filter and
   DAMON_MIN_REGION" does some cleanup work in the core DAMON code
   (SeongJae Park)

 - "Docs/mm/damon: update intro, modules, maintainer profile, and misc"
   performs maintenance work on the DAMON documentation (SeongJae Park)

 - "mm: add and use vma_assert_stabilised() helper" refactors and cleans
   up the core VMA code. The main aim here is to be able to use the mmap
   write lock's lockdep state to perform various assertions regarding
   the locking which the VMA code requires (Lorenzo Stoakes)

 - "mm, swap: swap table phase II: unify swapin use" removes some old
   swap code (swap cache bypassing and swap synchronization) which
   wasn't working very well. Various other cleanups and simplifications
   were made. The end result is a 20% speedup in one benchmark (Kairui
   Song)

 - "enable PT_RECLAIM on more 64-bit architectures" makes PT_RECLAIM
   available on 64-bit alpha, loongarch, mips, parisc, and um. Various
   cleanups were performed along the way (Qi Zheng)

* tag 'mm-stable-2026-02-11-19-22' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm: (325 commits)
  mm/memory: handle non-split locks correctly in zap_empty_pte_table()
  mm: move pte table reclaim code to memory.c
  mm: make PT_RECLAIM depends on MMU_GATHER_RCU_TABLE_FREE
  mm: convert __HAVE_ARCH_TLB_REMOVE_TABLE to CONFIG_HAVE_ARCH_TLB_REMOVE_TABLE config
  um: mm: enable MMU_GATHER_RCU_TABLE_FREE
  parisc: mm: enable MMU_GATHER_RCU_TABLE_FREE
  mips: mm: enable MMU_GATHER_RCU_TABLE_FREE
  LoongArch: mm: enable MMU_GATHER_RCU_TABLE_FREE
  alpha: mm: enable MMU_GATHER_RCU_TABLE_FREE
  mm: change mm/pt_reclaim.c to use asm/tlb.h instead of asm-generic/tlb.h
  mm/damon/stat: remove __read_mostly from memory_idle_ms_percentiles
  zsmalloc: make common caches global
  mm: add SPDX id lines to some mm source files
  mm/zswap: use %pe to print error pointers
  mm/vmscan: use %pe to print error pointers
  mm/readahead: fix typo in comment
  mm: khugepaged: fix NR_FILE_PAGES and NR_SHMEM in collapse_file()
  mm: refactor vma_map_pages to use vm_insert_pages
  mm/damon: unify address range representation with damon_addr_range
  mm/cma: replace snprintf with strscpy in cma_new_area
  ...

Commit: 4cff5c05e076d2ee4e34122aa956b84a2eaac587
Parents: 541c4331 · fb4ddf20

Merge commit. Changes below are compared with the first parent: 541c4331.

Changes

332 files changed · +6241 −5595

File	Status	Add	Del	Content
Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-block-zram	modified	+14	−0	View file
Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-kernel-mm-damon	modified	+13	−0	View file
Documentation/admin-guide/blockdev/zram.rst	modified	+23	−1	View file
Documentation/admin-guide/cgroup-v1/memory.rst	modified	+2	−3	View file
Documentation/admin-guide/laptops/index.rst	modified	+0	−1	View file
Documentation/admin-guide/laptops/laptop-mode.rst	deleted	+0	−770	View before deletion
Documentation/admin-guide/mm/damon/lru_sort.rst	modified	+37	−0	View file
Documentation/admin-guide/mm/damon/usage.rst	modified	+14	−5	View file
Documentation/admin-guide/mm/memory-hotplug.rst	modified	+16	−6	View file
Documentation/admin-guide/sysctl/vm.rst	modified	+28	−8	View file
Documentation/core-api/mm-api.rst	modified	+1	−1	View file
Documentation/driver-api/cxl/linux/early-boot.rst	modified	+1	−1	View file
Documentation/mm/damon/design.rst	modified	+29	−3	View file
Documentation/mm/damon/index.rst	modified	+9	−22	View file
Documentation/mm/damon/maintainer-profile.rst	modified	+3	−4	View file
Documentation/mm/memory-model.rst	modified	+0	−3	View file
Documentation/translations/zh_CN/mm/memory-model.rst	modified	+0	−2	View file
MAINTAINERS	modified	+11	−3	View file
arch/alpha/Kconfig	modified	+1	−0	View file
arch/alpha/include/asm/page.h	modified	+0	−1	View file
arch/alpha/include/asm/tlb.h	modified	+3	−3	View file
arch/alpha/kernel/setup.c	modified	+0	−1	View file
arch/alpha/mm/init.c	modified	+7	−9	View file
arch/arc/include/asm/page.h	modified	+2	−0	View file
arch/arc/mm/init.c	modified	+19	−18	View file
arch/arm/include/asm/page-nommu.h	modified	+0	−1	View file
arch/arm/include/asm/pgtable.h	modified	+2	−2	View file
arch/arm/mm/init.c	modified	+4	−21	View file
arch/arm/mm/mmu.c	modified	+1	−9	View file
arch/arm/mm/nommu.c	modified	+1	−9	View file
arch/arm64/Kconfig	modified	+1	−0	View file
arch/arm64/include/asm/hugetlb.h	modified	+0	−2	View file
arch/arm64/include/asm/page.h	modified	+0	−1	View file
arch/arm64/include/asm/pgtable.h	modified	+26	−61	View file
arch/arm64/include/asm/thread_info.h	modified	+1	−2	View file
arch/arm64/mm/hugetlbpage.c	modified	+12	−15	View file
arch/arm64/mm/init.c	modified	+16	−23	View file
arch/arm64/mm/mmu.c	modified	+4	−4	View file
arch/arm64/mm/pageattr.c	modified	+2	−2	View file
arch/csky/abiv1/inc/abi/page.h	modified	+1	−0	View file
arch/csky/abiv2/inc/abi/page.h	modified	+0	−7	View file
arch/csky/kernel/setup.c	modified	+8	−8	View file
arch/hexagon/include/asm/page.h	modified	+0	−1	View file
arch/hexagon/mm/init.c	modified	+5	−14	View file
arch/loongarch/Kconfig	modified	+1	−0	View file
arch/loongarch/include/asm/page.h	modified	+0	−1	View file
arch/loongarch/include/asm/pgalloc.h	modified	+3	−4	View file
arch/loongarch/include/asm/pgtable.h	modified	+0	−2	View file
arch/loongarch/kernel/setup.c	modified	+0	−10	View file
arch/loongarch/mm/init.c	modified	+1	−5	View file
arch/m68k/include/asm/page_no.h	modified	+0	−1	View file
arch/m68k/mm/init.c	modified	+5	−3	View file
arch/m68k/mm/mcfmmu.c	modified	+0	−3	View file
arch/m68k/mm/motorola.c	modified	+1	−5	View file
arch/m68k/mm/sun3mmu.c	modified	+0	−9	View file
arch/microblaze/include/asm/page.h	modified	+0	−1	View file
arch/microblaze/mm/init.c	modified	+10	−12	View file
arch/mips/Kconfig	modified	+1	−0	View file
arch/mips/include/asm/page.h	modified	+1	−0	View file
arch/mips/include/asm/pgalloc.h	modified	+3	−6	View file
arch/mips/include/asm/pgtable.h	modified	+1	−1	View file
arch/mips/kernel/setup.c	modified	+2	−13	View file
arch/mips/loongson64/numa.c	modified	+3	−7	View file
arch/mips/mm/init.c	modified	+1	−7	View file
arch/mips/sgi-ip27/ip27-memory.c	modified	+2	−6	View file
arch/nios2/include/asm/page.h	modified	+1	−0	View file
arch/nios2/mm/init.c	modified	+5	−7	View file
arch/openrisc/include/asm/page.h	modified	+0	−1	View file
arch/openrisc/mm/init.c	modified	+2	−8	View file
arch/parisc/Kconfig	modified	+1	−0	View file
arch/parisc/include/asm/page.h	modified	+0	−1	View file
arch/parisc/include/asm/tlb.h	modified	+2	−2	View file
arch/parisc/mm/init.c	modified	+2	−9	View file
arch/powerpc/Kconfig	modified	+2	−0	View file
arch/powerpc/include/asm/book3s/32/pgtable.h	modified	+11	−1	View file
arch/powerpc/include/asm/book3s/64/pgtable.h	modified	+52	−10	View file
arch/powerpc/include/asm/book3s/64/tlbflush-hash.h	modified	+9	−11	View file
arch/powerpc/include/asm/hugetlb.h	modified	+0	−5	View file
arch/powerpc/include/asm/nohash/pgtable.h	modified	+12	−1	View file
arch/powerpc/include/asm/page.h	modified	+1	−0	View file
arch/powerpc/include/asm/pgtable.h	modified	+10	−0	View file
arch/powerpc/include/asm/setup.h	modified	+4	−0	View file
arch/powerpc/include/asm/thread_info.h	modified	+0	−2	View file
arch/powerpc/include/asm/tlb.h	modified	+0	−1	View file
arch/powerpc/kernel/process.c	modified	+0	−25	View file
arch/powerpc/kernel/setup-common.c	modified	+0	−1	View file
arch/powerpc/mm/book3s64/hash_pgtable.c	modified	+4	−0	View file
arch/powerpc/mm/book3s64/hash_tlb.c	modified	+8	−6	View file
arch/powerpc/mm/book3s64/pgtable.c	modified	+16	−9	View file
arch/powerpc/mm/book3s64/radix_pgtable.c	modified	+6	−3	View file
arch/powerpc/mm/book3s64/subpage_prot.c	modified	+2	−2	View file
arch/powerpc/mm/hugetlbpage.c	modified	+4	−7	View file
arch/powerpc/mm/mem.c	modified	+10	−17	View file
arch/powerpc/mm/numa.c	modified	+0	−2	View file
arch/powerpc/mm/pgtable.c	modified	+12	−0	View file
arch/powerpc/platforms/Kconfig.cputype	modified	+1	−0	View file
arch/powerpc/platforms/pseries/Kconfig	modified	+1	−1	View file
arch/powerpc/platforms/pseries/cmm.c	modified	+10	−43	View file
arch/riscv/include/asm/page.h	modified	+0	−1	View file
arch/riscv/include/asm/pgtable.h	modified	+11	−11	View file
arch/riscv/mm/hugetlbpage.c	modified	+8	−0	View file
arch/riscv/mm/init.c	modified	+1	−9	View file
arch/s390/include/asm/page.h	modified	+0	−1	View file
arch/s390/include/asm/tlb.h	modified	+2	−4	View file
arch/s390/kernel/setup.c	modified	+0	−2	View file
arch/s390/mm/gmap_helpers.c	modified	+1	−1	View file
arch/s390/mm/hugetlbpage.c	modified	+8	−0	View file
arch/s390/mm/init.c	modified	+6	−7	View file
arch/s390/mm/pgtable.c	modified	+1	−1	View file
arch/sh/mm/init.c	modified	+5	−7	View file
arch/sparc/Kconfig	modified	+2	−0	View file
arch/sparc/include/asm/page_64.h	modified	+1	−0	View file
arch/sparc/include/asm/tlb_64.h	modified	+0	−1	View file
arch/sparc/include/asm/tlbflush_64.h	modified	+1	−4	View file
arch/sparc/mm/init_64.c	modified	+5	−12	View file
arch/sparc/mm/srmmu.c	modified	+7	−10	View file
arch/sparc/mm/tlb.c	modified	+13	−7	View file
arch/um/Kconfig	modified	+1	−0	View file
arch/um/include/asm/page.h	modified	+0	−1	View file
arch/um/kernel/mem.c	modified	+5	−5	View file
arch/x86/Kconfig	modified	+1	−1	View file
arch/x86/boot/compressed/misc.h	modified	+1	−0	View file
arch/x86/boot/startup/sme.c	modified	+1	−0	View file
arch/x86/include/asm/page.h	modified	+0	−6	View file
arch/x86/include/asm/page_32.h	modified	+6	−0	View file
arch/x86/include/asm/page_64.h	modified	+61	−17	View file
arch/x86/include/asm/paravirt.h	modified	+0	−1	View file
arch/x86/include/asm/pgtable.h	modified	+12	−11	View file
arch/x86/include/asm/thread_info.h	modified	+1	−3	View file
arch/x86/kernel/setup.c	modified	+0	−5	View file
arch/x86/lib/clear_page_64.S	modified	+8	−31	View file
arch/x86/mm/hugetlbpage.c	modified	+8	−0	View file
arch/x86/mm/init.c	modified	+1	−7	View file
arch/x86/mm/init_32.c	modified	+0	−2	View file
arch/x86/mm/init_64.c	modified	+0	−4	View file
arch/x86/mm/mm_internal.h	modified	+0	−1	View file
arch/x86/xen/enlighten_pv.c	modified	+1	−2	View file
arch/x86/xen/mmu_pv.c	modified	+2	−4	View file
arch/xtensa/include/asm/page.h	modified	+0	−1	View file
arch/xtensa/mm/init.c	modified	+7	−7	View file
block/blk-mq.c	modified	+0	−3	View file
drivers/block/zram/zram_drv.c	modified	+565	−434	View file
drivers/block/zram/zram_drv.h	modified	+10	−5	View file
drivers/misc/Kconfig	modified	+1	−1	View file
drivers/misc/vmw_balloon.c	modified	+29	−76	View file
drivers/virtio/Kconfig	modified	+1	−1	View file
drivers/virtio/virtio_balloon.c	modified	+21	−43	View file
fs/ext4/inode.c	modified	+1	−2	View file
fs/proc/task_mmu.c	modified	+2	−2	View file
fs/sync.c	modified	+0	−2	View file
fs/xfs/xfs_super.c	modified	+0	−9	View file
include/asm-generic/tlb.h	modified	+3	−4	View file
include/linux/backing-dev-defs.h	modified	+0	−3	View file
include/linux/balloon.h	added	+77	−0	View file
include/linux/balloon_compaction.h	deleted	+0	−160	View before deletion
include/linux/cma.h	modified	+6	−21	View file
include/linux/damon.h	modified	+36	−29	View file
include/linux/gfp.h	modified	+28	−32	View file
include/linux/gfp_types.h	modified	+5	−2	View file
include/linux/highmem.h	modified	+97	−1	View file
include/linux/hugetlb.h	modified	+6	−9	View file
include/linux/khugepaged.h	modified	+4	−5	View file
include/linux/maple_tree.h	modified	+0	−9	View file
include/linux/memblock.h	modified	+2	−2	View file
include/linux/memcontrol.h	modified	+20	−28	View file
include/linux/mm.h	modified	+66	−6	View file
include/linux/mm_types.h	modified	+52	−5	View file
include/linux/mm_types_task.h	modified	+5	−0	View file
include/linux/mmap_lock.h	modified	+240	−39	View file
include/linux/mmdebug.h	modified	+10	−0	View file
include/linux/mmzone.h	modified	+15	−4	View file
include/linux/nodemask.h	modified	+4	−4	View file
include/linux/page-isolation.h	modified	+2	−0	View file
include/linux/page_table_check.h	modified	+40	−29	View file
include/linux/pgtable.h	modified	+154	−14	View file
include/linux/rmap.h	modified	+3	−73	View file
include/linux/sched.h	modified	+45	−0	View file
include/linux/swap.h	modified	+25	−46	View file
include/linux/vm_event_item.h	modified	+4	−4	View file
include/linux/vmstat.h	modified	+0	−6	View file
include/linux/writeback.h	modified	+0	−4	View file
include/linux/zsmalloc.h	modified	+6	−2	View file
include/trace/events/damon.h	modified	+41	−0	View file
include/trace/events/huge_memory.h	modified	+2	−1	View file
include/trace/events/vmscan.h	modified	+51	−0	View file
include/trace/events/writeback.h	modified	+0	−1	View file
include/uapi/linux/mempolicy.h	modified	+3	−0	View file
include/uapi/linux/sysctl.h	modified	+1	−1	View file
init/main.c	modified	+1	−0	View file
kernel/cgroup/cpuset.c	modified	+3	−4	View file
kernel/power/swap.c	modified	+6	−4	View file
lib/alloc_tag.c	modified	+17	−10	View file
lib/test_vmalloc.c	modified	+7	−4	View file
mm/Kconfig	modified	+31	−17	View file
mm/Makefile	modified	+2	−2	View file
mm/backing-dev.c	modified	+3	−6	View file
mm/balloon_compaction.c → mm/balloon.c	renamed	+140	−59	View file
mm/cma.c	modified	+71	−54	View file
mm/damon/core.c	modified	+142	−100	View file
mm/damon/lru_sort.c	modified	+112	−8	View file
mm/damon/paddr.c	modified	+12	−15	View file
mm/damon/reclaim.c	modified	+6	−4	View file
mm/damon/stat.c	modified	+3	−11	View file
mm/damon/sysfs-schemes.c	modified	+54	−4	View file
mm/damon/sysfs.c	modified	+9	−9	View file
mm/damon/tests/core-kunit.h	modified	+39	−12	View file
mm/damon/tests/vaddr-kunit.h	modified	+1	−1	View file
mm/damon/vaddr.c	modified	+12	−13	View file
mm/debug_vm_pgtable.c	modified	+17	−21	View file
mm/dmapool_test.c	modified	+1	−0	View file
mm/early_ioremap.c	modified	+12	−4	View file
mm/folio-compat.c	modified	+1	−0	View file
mm/gup.c	modified	+0	−11	View file
mm/gup_test.c	modified	+1	−0	View file
mm/highmem.c	modified	+2	−1	View file
mm/huge_memory.c	modified	+4	−4	View file
mm/hugetlb.c	modified	+93	−87	View file
mm/hugetlb_cgroup.c	modified	+2	−9	View file
mm/hugetlb_cma.c	modified	+37	−34	View file
mm/hugetlb_cma.h	modified	+5	−10	View file
mm/hugetlb_sysctl.c	modified	+11	−0	View file
mm/hugetlb_vmemmap.c	modified	+0	−11	View file
mm/internal.h	modified	+87	−19	View file
mm/kasan/kasan_test_c.c	modified	+35	−15	View file
mm/kasan/report.c	modified	+4	−4	View file
mm/kasan/shadow.c	modified	+4	−4	View file
mm/kfence/core.c	modified	+3	−3	View file
mm/khugepaged.c	modified	+102	−83	View file
mm/kmsan/kmsan_test.c	modified	+63	−1	View file
mm/list_lru.c	modified	+3	−3	View file
mm/madvise.c	modified	+12	−14	View file
mm/memblock.c	modified	+2	−2	View file
mm/memcontrol-v1.c	modified	+25	−3	View file
mm/memcontrol-v1.h	modified	+2	−4	View file
mm/memcontrol.c	modified	+34	−65	View file
mm/memfd.c	modified	+1	−2	View file
mm/memory-failure.c	modified	+1	−1	View file
mm/memory-tiers.c	modified	+3	−4	View file
mm/memory.c	modified	+260	−191	View file
mm/memory_hotplug.c	modified	+4	−4	View file
mm/mempolicy.c	modified	+2	−3	View file
mm/migrate.c	modified	+7	−7	View file
mm/migrate_device.c	modified	+6	−6	View file
mm/mm_init.c	modified	+18	−17	View file
mm/mmap_lock.c	modified	+114	−63	View file
mm/mmu_gather.c	modified	+3	−3	View file
mm/mprotect.c	modified	+2	−2	View file
mm/mremap.c	modified	+5	−5	View file
mm/mseal.c	modified	+2	−2	View file
mm/numa_memblks.c	modified	+1	−1	View file
mm/oom_kill.c	modified	+13	−13	View file
mm/page-writeback.c	modified	+15	−59	View file
mm/page_alloc.c	modified	+275	−150	View file
mm/page_io.c	modified	+2	−2	View file
mm/page_isolation.c	modified	+100	−89	View file
mm/page_reporting.c	modified	+1	−1	View file
mm/page_table_check.c	modified	+22	−19	View file
mm/pagewalk.c	modified	+2	−1	View file
mm/percpu.c	modified	+14	−1	View file
mm/pt_reclaim.c	deleted	+0	−72	View before deletion
mm/readahead.c	modified	+1	−1	View file
mm/rmap.c	modified	+205	−119	View file
mm/shmem.c	modified	+36	−54	View file
mm/show_mem.c	modified	+1	−2	View file
mm/shrinker_debug.c	modified	+7	−6	View file
mm/slub.c	modified	+2	−1	View file
mm/swap.c	modified	+1	−1	View file
mm/swap.h	modified	+59	−13	View file
mm/swap_state.c	modified	+223	−119	View file
mm/swapfile.c	modified	+384	−478	View file
mm/tests/lazy_mmu_mode_kunit.c	added	+73	−0	View file
mm/userfaultfd.c	modified	+7	−11	View file
mm/vma.c	modified	+8	−8	View file
mm/vma.h	modified	+4	−10	View file
mm/vmalloc.c	modified	+20	−6	View file
mm/vmscan.c	modified	+113	−108	View file
mm/vmstat.c	modified	+8	−22	View file
mm/workingset.c	modified	+4	−4	View file
mm/zsmalloc.c	modified	+125	−67	View file
mm/zswap.c	modified	+23	−35	View file
tools/mm/slabinfo.c	modified	+1	−1	View file
tools/mm/thp_swap_allocator_test.c	modified	+1	−1	View file
tools/testing/selftests/damon/access_memory.c	modified	+21	−8	View file
tools/testing/selftests/damon/sysfs_memcg_path_leak.sh	modified	+14	−12	View file
tools/testing/selftests/damon/sysfs_update_schemes_tried_regions_wss_estimation.py	modified	+32	−9	View file
tools/testing/selftests/mm/.gitignore	modified	+0	−1	View file
tools/testing/selftests/mm/Makefile	modified	+34	−10	View file
tools/testing/selftests/mm/charge_reserved_hugetlb.sh	modified	+32	−23	View file
tools/testing/selftests/mm/check_config.sh	modified	+1	−2	View file
tools/testing/selftests/mm/cow.c	modified	+33	−10	View file
tools/testing/selftests/mm/hugetlb-madvise.c	modified	+1	−8	View file
tools/testing/selftests/mm/ksft_compaction.sh	added	+4	−0	View file
tools/testing/selftests/mm/ksft_cow.sh	added	+4	−0	View file
tools/testing/selftests/mm/ksft_gup_test.sh	added	+4	−0	View file
tools/testing/selftests/mm/ksft_hmm.sh	added	+4	−0	View file
tools/testing/selftests/mm/ksft_hugetlb.sh	added	+4	−0	View file
tools/testing/selftests/mm/ksft_hugevm.sh	added	+4	−0	View file
tools/testing/selftests/mm/ksft_ksm.sh	added	+4	−0	View file
tools/testing/selftests/mm/ksft_ksm_numa.sh	added	+4	−0	View file
tools/testing/selftests/mm/ksft_madv_guard.sh	added	+4	−0	View file
tools/testing/selftests/mm/ksft_madv_populate.sh	added	+4	−0	View file
tools/testing/selftests/mm/ksft_mdwe.sh	added	+4	−0	View file
tools/testing/selftests/mm/ksft_memfd_secret.sh	added	+4	−0	View file
tools/testing/selftests/mm/ksft_migration.sh	added	+4	−0	View file
tools/testing/selftests/mm/ksft_mkdirty.sh	added	+4	−0	View file
tools/testing/selftests/mm/ksft_mlock.sh	added	+4	−0	View file
tools/testing/selftests/mm/ksft_mmap.sh	added	+4	−0	View file
tools/testing/selftests/mm/ksft_mremap.sh	added	+4	−0	View file
tools/testing/selftests/mm/ksft_page_frag.sh	added	+4	−0	View file
tools/testing/selftests/mm/ksft_pagemap.sh	added	+4	−0	View file
tools/testing/selftests/mm/ksft_pfnmap.sh	added	+4	−0	View file
tools/testing/selftests/mm/ksft_pkey.sh	added	+4	−0	View file
tools/testing/selftests/mm/ksft_process_madv.sh	added	+4	−0	View file
tools/testing/selftests/mm/ksft_process_mrelease.sh	added	+4	−0	View file
tools/testing/selftests/mm/ksft_rmap.sh	added	+4	−0	View file
tools/testing/selftests/mm/ksft_soft_dirty.sh	added	+4	−0	View file
tools/testing/selftests/mm/ksft_thp.sh	added	+4	−0	View file
tools/testing/selftests/mm/ksft_userfaultfd.sh	added	+4	−0	View file
tools/testing/selftests/mm/ksft_vma_merge.sh	added	+4	−0	View file
tools/testing/selftests/mm/ksft_vmalloc.sh	added	+4	−0	View file
tools/testing/selftests/mm/page_frag/Makefile	modified	+1	−1	View file
tools/testing/selftests/mm/pagemap_ioctl.c	modified	+7	−8	View file
tools/testing/selftests/mm/pfnmap.c	modified	+56	−37	View file
tools/testing/selftests/mm/run_vmtests.sh	modified	+4	−20	View file
tools/testing/selftests/mm/split_huge_page_test.c	modified	+1	−5	View file
tools/testing/selftests/mm/test_vmalloc.sh	modified	+28	−3	View file
tools/testing/selftests/mm/va_high_addr_switch.c	modified	+7	−3	View file
tools/testing/selftests/mm/va_high_addr_switch.sh	modified	+7	−5	View file
tools/testing/selftests/mm/virtual_address_range.c	deleted	+0	−260	View before deletion
tools/testing/selftests/mm/vm_util.h	modified	+7	−0	View file
tools/testing/selftests/mm/write_to_hugetlbfs.c	modified	+6	−3	View file
tools/testing/vma/vma_internal.h	modified	+10	−6	View file

Only the first 600 diff lines are shown. Download the complete patch.

Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-block-zram

View file

diff --git a/Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-block-zram b/Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-block-zram
index 36c57de..e538d48 100644
--- a/Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-block-zram
+++ b/Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-block-zram
@@ -150,3 +150,17 @@ Contact:	Sergey Senozhatsky <[email protected]>
 Description:
 		The algorithm_params file is write-only and is used to setup
 		compression algorithm parameters.
+
+What:		/sys/block/zram<id>/writeback_compressed
+Date:		Decemeber 2025
+Contact:	Richard Chang <[email protected]>
+Description:
+		The writeback_compressed device atrribute toggles compressed
+		writeback feature.
+
+What:		/sys/block/zram<id>/writeback_batch_size
+Date:		November 2025
+Contact:	Sergey Senozhatsky <[email protected]>
+Description:
+		The writeback_batch_size device atrribute sets the maximum
+		number of in-flight writeback operations.

Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-kernel-mm-damon

View file

diff --git a/Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-kernel-mm-damon b/Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-kernel-mm-damon
index 4fb8b7a..f2af2dd 100644
--- a/Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-kernel-mm-damon
+++ b/Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-kernel-mm-damon
@@ -516,6 +516,19 @@ Contact:	SeongJae Park <[email protected]>
 Description:	Reading this file returns the number of the exceed events of
 		the scheme's quotas.
 
+What:		/sys/kernel/mm/damon/admin/kdamonds/<K>/contexts/<C>/schemes/<S>/stats/nr_snapshots
+Date:		Dec 2025
+Contact:	SeongJae Park <[email protected]>
+Description:	Reading this file returns the total number of DAMON snapshots
+		that the scheme has tried to be applied.
+
+What:		/sys/kernel/mm/damon/admin/kdamonds/<K>/contexts/<C>/schemes/<S>/stats/max_nr_snapshots
+Date:		Dec 2025
+Contact:	SeongJae Park <[email protected]>
+Description:	Writing a number to this file sets the upper limit of
+		nr_snapshots that deactivates the scheme when the limit is
+		reached or exceeded.
+
 What:		/sys/kernel/mm/damon/admin/kdamonds/<K>/contexts/<C>/schemes/<S>/tried_regions/total_bytes
 Date:		Jul 2023
 Contact:	SeongJae Park <[email protected]>

Documentation/admin-guide/blockdev/zram.rst

View file

diff --git a/Documentation/admin-guide/blockdev/zram.rst b/Documentation/admin-guide/blockdev/zram.rst
index 3e273c1..94bb7f2 100644
--- a/Documentation/admin-guide/blockdev/zram.rst
+++ b/Documentation/admin-guide/blockdev/zram.rst
@@ -214,6 +214,9 @@ mem_limit         	WO	specifies the maximum amount of memory ZRAM can
 writeback_limit   	WO	specifies the maximum amount of write IO zram
 				can write out to backing device as 4KB unit
 writeback_limit_enable  RW	show and set writeback_limit feature
+writeback_batch_size	RW	show and set maximum number of in-flight
+				writeback operations
+writeback_compressed	RW	show and set compressed writeback feature
 comp_algorithm    	RW	show and change the compression algorithm
 algorithm_params	WO	setup compression algorithm parameters
 compact           	WO	trigger memory compaction
@@ -222,7 +225,6 @@ backing_dev	  	RW	set up backend storage for zram to write out
 idle		  	WO	mark allocated slot as idle
 ======================  ======  ===============================================
 
-
 User space is advised to use the following files to read the device statistics.
 
 File /sys/block/zram<id>/stat
@@ -434,6 +436,26 @@ system reboot, echo 1 > /sys/block/zramX/reset) so keeping how many of
 writeback happened until you reset the zram to allocate extra writeback
 budget in next setting is user's job.
 
+By default zram stores written back pages in decompressed (raw) form, which
+means that writeback operation involves decompression of the page before
+writing it to the backing device.  This behavior can be changed by enabling
+`writeback_compressed` feature, which causes zram to write compressed pages
+to the backing device, thus avoiding decompression overhead.  To enable
+this feature, execute::
+
+	$ echo yes > /sys/block/zramX/writeback_compressed
+
+Note that this feature should be configured before the `zramX` device is
+initialized.
+
+Depending on backing device storage type, writeback operation may benefit
+from a higher number of in-flight write requests (batched writes).  The
+number of maximum in-flight writeback operations can be configured via
+`writeback_batch_size` attribute.  To change the default value (which is 32),
+execute::
+
+	$ echo 64 > /sys/block/zramX/writeback_batch_size
+
 If admin wants to measure writeback count in a certain period, they could
 know it via /sys/block/zram0/bd_stat's 3rd column.
 

Documentation/admin-guide/cgroup-v1/memory.rst

View file

diff --git a/Documentation/admin-guide/cgroup-v1/memory.rst b/Documentation/admin-guide/cgroup-v1/memory.rst
index d6b1db8..7db63c0 100644
--- a/Documentation/admin-guide/cgroup-v1/memory.rst
+++ b/Documentation/admin-guide/cgroup-v1/memory.rst
@@ -311,9 +311,8 @@ Lock order is as follows::
 
   folio_lock
     mm->page_table_lock or split pte_lock
-      folio_memcg_lock (memcg->move_lock)
-        mapping->i_pages lock
-          lruvec->lru_lock.
+      mapping->i_pages lock
+        lruvec->lru_lock.
 
 Per-node-per-memcgroup LRU (cgroup's private LRU) is guarded by
 lruvec->lru_lock; the folio LRU flag is cleared before

Documentation/admin-guide/laptops/index.rst

View file

diff --git a/Documentation/admin-guide/laptops/index.rst b/Documentation/admin-guide/laptops/index.rst
index 6432c25..c0b911d 100644
--- a/Documentation/admin-guide/laptops/index.rst
+++ b/Documentation/admin-guide/laptops/index.rst
@@ -10,7 +10,6 @@ Laptop Drivers
    alienware-wmi
    asus-laptop
    disk-shock-protection
-   laptop-mode
    lg-laptop
    samsung-galaxybook
    sony-laptop

Documentation/admin-guide/laptops/laptop-mode.rst

View before deletion

diff --git a/Documentation/admin-guide/laptops/laptop-mode.rst b/Documentation/admin-guide/laptops/laptop-mode.rst
deleted file mode 100644
index 66eb9cd..0000000
--- a/Documentation/admin-guide/laptops/laptop-mode.rst
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,770 +0,0 @@
-===============================================
-How to conserve battery power using laptop-mode
-===============================================
-
-Document Author: Bart Samwel ([email protected])
-
-Date created: January 2, 2004
-
-Last modified: December 06, 2004
-
-Introduction
-------------
-
-Laptop mode is used to minimize the time that the hard disk needs to be spun up,
-to conserve battery power on laptops. It has been reported to cause significant
-power savings.
-
-.. Contents
-
-   * Introduction
-   * Installation
-   * Caveats
-   * The Details
-   * Tips & Tricks
-   * Control script
-   * ACPI integration
-   * Monitoring tool
-
-
-Installation
-------------
-
-To use laptop mode, you don't need to set any kernel configuration options
-or anything. Simply install all the files included in this document, and
-laptop mode will automatically be started when you're on battery. For
-your convenience, a tarball containing an installer can be downloaded at:
-
-	http://www.samwel.tk/laptop_mode/laptop_mode/
-
-To configure laptop mode, you need to edit the configuration file, which is
-located in /etc/default/laptop-mode on Debian-based systems, or in
-/etc/sysconfig/laptop-mode on other systems.
-
-Unfortunately, automatic enabling of laptop mode does not work for
-laptops that don't have ACPI. On those laptops, you need to start laptop
-mode manually. To start laptop mode, run "laptop_mode start", and to
-stop it, run "laptop_mode stop". (Note: The laptop mode tools package now
-has experimental support for APM, you might want to try that first.)
-
-
-Caveats
--------
-
-* The downside of laptop mode is that you have a chance of losing up to 10
-  minutes of work. If you cannot afford this, don't use it! The supplied ACPI
-  scripts automatically turn off laptop mode when the battery almost runs out,
-  so that you won't lose any data at the end of your battery life.
-
-* Most desktop hard drives have a very limited lifetime measured in spindown
-  cycles, typically about 50.000 times (it's usually listed on the spec sheet).
-  Check your drive's rating, and don't wear down your drive's lifetime if you
-  don't need to.
-
-* If you mount some of your ext3 filesystems with the -n option, then
-  the control script will not be able to remount them correctly. You must set
-  DO_REMOUNTS=0 in the control script, otherwise it will remount them with the
-  wrong options -- or it will fail because it cannot write to /etc/mtab.
-
-* If you have your filesystems listed as type "auto" in fstab, like I did, then
-  the control script will not recognize them as filesystems that need remounting.
-  You must list the filesystems with their true type instead.
-
-* It has been reported that some versions of the mutt mail client use file access
-  times to determine whether a folder contains new mail. If you use mutt and
-  experience this, you must disable the noatime remounting by setting the option
-  DO_REMOUNT_NOATIME to 0 in the configuration file.
-
-
-The Details
------------
-
-Laptop mode is controlled by the knob /proc/sys/vm/laptop_mode. This knob is
-present for all kernels that have the laptop mode patch, regardless of any
-configuration options. When the knob is set, any physical disk I/O (that might
-have caused the hard disk to spin up) causes Linux to flush all dirty blocks. The
-result of this is that after a disk has spun down, it will not be spun up
-anymore to write dirty blocks, because those blocks had already been written
-immediately after the most recent read operation. The value of the laptop_mode
-knob determines the time between the occurrence of disk I/O and when the flush
-is triggered. A sensible value for the knob is 5 seconds. Setting the knob to
-0 disables laptop mode.
-
-To increase the effectiveness of the laptop_mode strategy, the laptop_mode
-control script increases dirty_expire_centisecs and dirty_writeback_centisecs in
-/proc/sys/vm to about 10 minutes (by default), which means that pages that are
-dirtied are not forced to be written to disk as often. The control script also
-changes the dirty background ratio, so that background writeback of dirty pages
-is not done anymore. Combined with a higher commit value (also 10 minutes) for
-ext3 filesystem (also done automatically by the control script),
-this results in concentration of disk activity in a small time interval which
-occurs only once every 10 minutes, or whenever the disk is forced to spin up by
-a cache miss. The disk can then be spun down in the periods of inactivity.
-
-
-Configuration
--------------
-
-The laptop mode configuration file is located in /etc/default/laptop-mode on
-Debian-based systems, or in /etc/sysconfig/laptop-mode on other systems. It
-contains the following options:
-
-MAX_AGE:
-
-Maximum time, in seconds, of hard drive spindown time that you are
-comfortable with. Worst case, it's possible that you could lose this
-amount of work if your battery fails while you're in laptop mode.
-
-MINIMUM_BATTERY_MINUTES:
-
-Automatically disable laptop mode if the remaining number of minutes of
-battery power is less than this value. Default is 10 minutes.
-
-AC_HD/BATT_HD:
-
-The idle timeout that should be set on your hard drive when laptop mode
-is active (BATT_HD) and when it is not active (AC_HD). The defaults are
-20 seconds (value 4) for BATT_HD  and 2 hours (value 244) for AC_HD. The
-possible values are those listed in the manual page for "hdparm" for the
-"-S" option.
-
-HD:
-
-The devices for which the spindown timeout should be adjusted by laptop mode.
-Default is /dev/hda. If you specify multiple devices, separate them by a space.
-
-READAHEAD:
-
-Disk readahead, in 512-byte sectors, while laptop mode is active. A large
-readahead can prevent disk accesses for things like executable pages (which are
-loaded on demand while the application executes) and sequentially accessed data
-(MP3s).
-
-DO_REMOUNTS:
-
-The control script automatically remounts any mounted journaled filesystems
-with appropriate commit interval options. When this option is set to 0, this
-feature is disabled.
-
-DO_REMOUNT_NOATIME:
-
-When remounting, should the filesystems be remounted with the noatime option?
-Normally, this is set to "1" (enabled), but there may be programs that require
-access time recording.
-
-DIRTY_RATIO:
-
-The percentage of memory that is allowed to contain "dirty" or unsaved data
-before a writeback is forced, while laptop mode is active. Corresponds to
-the /proc/sys/vm/dirty_ratio sysctl.
-
-DIRTY_BACKGROUND_RATIO:
-
-The percentage of memory that is allowed to contain "dirty" or unsaved data
-after a forced writeback is done due to an exceeding of DIRTY_RATIO. Set
-this nice and low. This corresponds to the /proc/sys/vm/dirty_background_ratio
-sysctl.
-
-Note that the behaviour of dirty_background_ratio is quite different
-when laptop mode is active and when it isn't. When laptop mode is inactive,
-dirty_background_ratio is the threshold percentage at which background writeouts
-start taking place. When laptop mode is active, however, background writeouts
-are disabled, and the dirty_background_ratio only determines how much writeback
-is done when dirty_ratio is reached.
-
-DO_CPU:
-
-Enable CPU frequency scaling when in laptop mode. (Requires CPUFreq to be setup.
-See Documentation/admin-guide/pm/cpufreq.rst for more info. Disabled by default.)
-
-CPU_MAXFREQ:
-
-When on battery, what is the maximum CPU speed that the system should use? Legal
-values are "slowest" for the slowest speed that your CPU is able to operate at,
-or a value listed in /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_available_frequencies.
-
-
-Tips & Tricks
--------------
-
-* Bartek Kania reports getting up to 50 minutes of extra battery life (on top
-  of his regular 3 to 3.5 hours) using a spindown time of 5 seconds (BATT_HD=1).
-
-* You can spin down the disk while playing MP3, by setting disk readahead
-  to 8MB (READAHEAD=16384). Effectively, the disk will read a complete MP3 at
-  once, and will then spin down while the MP3 is playing. (Thanks to Bartek
-  Kania.)
-
-* Drew Scott Daniels observed: "I don't know why, but when I decrease the number
-  of colours that my display uses it consumes less battery power. I've seen
-  this on powerbooks too. I hope that this is a piece of information that
-  might be useful to the Laptop Mode patch or its users."
-
-* In syslog.conf, you can prefix entries with a dash `-` to omit syncing the
-  file after every logging. When you're using laptop-mode and your disk doesn't
-  spin down, this is a likely culprit.
-
-* Richard Atterer observed that laptop mode does not work well with noflushd
-  (http://noflushd.sourceforge.net/), it seems that noflushd prevents laptop-mode
-  from doing its thing.
-
-* If you're worried about your data, you might want to consider using a USB
-  memory stick or something like that as a "working area". (Be aware though
-  that flash memory can only handle a limited number of writes, and overuse
-  may wear out your memory stick pretty quickly. Do _not_ use journalling
-  filesystems on flash memory sticks.)
-
-
-Configuration file for control and ACPI battery scripts
--------------------------------------------------------
-
-This allows the tunables to be changed for the scripts via an external
-configuration file
-
-It should be installed as /etc/default/laptop-mode on Debian, and as
-/etc/sysconfig/laptop-mode on Red Hat, SUSE, Mandrake, and other work-alikes.
-
-Config file::
-
-  # Maximum time, in seconds, of hard drive spindown time that you are
-  # comfortable with. Worst case, it's possible that you could lose this
-  # amount of work if your battery fails you while in laptop mode.
-  #MAX_AGE=600
-
-  # Automatically disable laptop mode when the number of minutes of battery
-  # that you have left goes below this threshold.
-  MINIMUM_BATTERY_MINUTES=10
-
-  # Read-ahead, in 512-byte sectors. You can spin down the disk while playing MP3/OGG
-  # by setting the disk readahead to 8MB (READAHEAD=16384). Effectively, the disk
-  # will read a complete MP3 at once, and will then spin down while the MP3/OGG is
-  # playing.
-  #READAHEAD=4096
-
-  # Shall we remount journaled fs. with appropriate commit interval? (1=yes)
-  #DO_REMOUNTS=1
-
-  # And shall we add the "noatime" option to that as well? (1=yes)
-  #DO_REMOUNT_NOATIME=1
-
-  # Dirty synchronous ratio.  At this percentage of dirty pages the process
-  # which
-  # calls write() does its own writeback
-  #DIRTY_RATIO=40
-
-  #
-  # Allowed dirty background ratio, in percent.  Once DIRTY_RATIO has been
-  # exceeded, the kernel will wake flusher threads which will then reduce the
-  # amount of dirty memory to dirty_background_ratio.  Set this nice and low,
-  # so once some writeout has commenced, we do a lot of it.
-  #
-  #DIRTY_BACKGROUND_RATIO=5
-
-  # kernel default dirty buffer age
-  #DEF_AGE=30
-  #DEF_UPDATE=5
-  #DEF_DIRTY_BACKGROUND_RATIO=10
-  #DEF_DIRTY_RATIO=40
-  #DEF_XFS_AGE_BUFFER=15
-  #DEF_XFS_SYNC_INTERVAL=30
-  #DEF_XFS_BUFD_INTERVAL=1
-
-  # This must be adjusted manually to the value of HZ in the running kernel
-  # on 2.4, until the XFS people change their 2.4 external interfaces to work in
-  # centisecs. This can be automated, but it's a work in progress that still
-  # needs# some fixes. On 2.6 kernels, XFS uses USER_HZ instead of HZ for
-  # external interfaces, and that is currently always set to 100. So you don't
-  # need to change this on 2.6.
-  #XFS_HZ=100
-
-  # Should the maximum CPU frequency be adjusted down while on battery?
-  # Requires CPUFreq to be setup.
-  # See Documentation/admin-guide/pm/cpufreq.rst for more info
-  #DO_CPU=0
-
-  # When on battery what is the maximum CPU speed that the system should
-  # use? Legal values are "slowest" for the slowest speed that your
-  # CPU is able to operate at, or a value listed in:
-  # /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_available_frequencies
-  # Only applicable if DO_CPU=1.
-  #CPU_MAXFREQ=slowest
-
-  # Idle timeout for your hard drive (man hdparm for valid values, -S option)
-  # Default is 2 hours on AC (AC_HD=244) and 20 seconds for battery (BATT_HD=4).
-  #AC_HD=244
-  #BATT_HD=4
-
-  # The drives for which to adjust the idle timeout. Separate them by a space,
-  # e.g. HD="/dev/hda /dev/hdb".
-  #HD="/dev/hda"
-
-  # Set the spindown timeout on a hard drive?
-  #DO_HD=1
-
-
-Control script
---------------
-
-Please note that this control script works for the Linux 2.4 and 2.6 series (thanks
-to Kiko Piris).
-
-Control script::
-
-  #!/bin/bash
-
-  # start or stop laptop_mode, best run by a power management daemon when
-  # ac gets connected/disconnected from a laptop
-  #
-  # install as /sbin/laptop_mode
-  #
-  # Contributors to this script:   Kiko Piris
-  #				 Bart Samwel
-  #				 Micha Feigin
-  #				 Andrew Morton
-  #				 Herve Eychenne
-  #				 Dax Kelson
-  #
-  # Original Linux 2.4 version by: Jens Axboe
-
-  #############################################################################
-
-  # Source config
-  if [ -f /etc/default/laptop-mode ] ; then
-	# Debian
-	. /etc/default/laptop-mode
-  elif [ -f /etc/sysconfig/laptop-mode ] ; then
-	# Others
-          . /etc/sysconfig/laptop-mode
-  fi
-
-  # Don't raise an error if the config file is incomplete
-  # set defaults instead:
-
-  # Maximum time, in seconds, of hard drive spindown time that you are
-  # comfortable with. Worst case, it's possible that you could lose this
-  # amount of work if your battery fails you while in laptop mode.
-  MAX_AGE=${MAX_AGE:-'600'}
-
-  # Read-ahead, in kilobytes
-  READAHEAD=${READAHEAD:-'4096'}
-
-  # Shall we remount journaled fs. with appropriate commit interval? (1=yes)
-  DO_REMOUNTS=${DO_REMOUNTS:-'1'}
-
-  # And shall we add the "noatime" option to that as well? (1=yes)
-  DO_REMOUNT_NOATIME=${DO_REMOUNT_NOATIME:-'1'}
-
-  # Shall we adjust the idle timeout on a hard drive?
-  DO_HD=${DO_HD:-'1'}
-
-  # Adjust idle timeout on which hard drive?
-  HD="${HD:-'/dev/hda'}"
-
-  # spindown time for HD (hdparm -S values)
-  AC_HD=${AC_HD:-'244'}
-  BATT_HD=${BATT_HD:-'4'}
-
-  # Dirty synchronous ratio.  At this percentage of dirty pages the process which
-  # calls write() does its own writeback
-  DIRTY_RATIO=${DIRTY_RATIO:-'40'}
-
-  # cpu frequency scaling
-  # See Documentation/admin-guide/pm/cpufreq.rst for more info
-  DO_CPU=${CPU_MANAGE:-'0'}
-  CPU_MAXFREQ=${CPU_MAXFREQ:-'slowest'}
-
-  #
-  # Allowed dirty background ratio, in percent.  Once DIRTY_RATIO has been
-  # exceeded, the kernel will wake flusher threads which will then reduce the
-  # amount of dirty memory to dirty_background_ratio.  Set this nice and low,
-  # so once some writeout has commenced, we do a lot of it.
-  #
-  DIRTY_BACKGROUND_RATIO=${DIRTY_BACKGROUND_RATIO:-'5'}
-
-  # kernel default dirty buffer age
-  DEF_AGE=${DEF_AGE:-'30'}
-  DEF_UPDATE=${DEF_UPDATE:-'5'}
-  DEF_DIRTY_BACKGROUND_RATIO=${DEF_DIRTY_BACKGROUND_RATIO:-'10'}
-  DEF_DIRTY_RATIO=${DEF_DIRTY_RATIO:-'40'}
-  DEF_XFS_AGE_BUFFER=${DEF_XFS_AGE_BUFFER:-'15'}
-  DEF_XFS_SYNC_INTERVAL=${DEF_XFS_SYNC_INTERVAL:-'30'}
-  DEF_XFS_BUFD_INTERVAL=${DEF_XFS_BUFD_INTERVAL:-'1'}
-
-  # This must be adjusted manually to the value of HZ in the running kernel
-  # on 2.4, until the XFS people change their 2.4 external interfaces to work in
-  # centisecs. This can be automated, but it's a work in progress that still needs
-  # some fixes. On 2.6 kernels, XFS uses USER_HZ instead of HZ for external
-  # interfaces, and that is currently always set to 100. So you don't need to
-  # change this on 2.6.
-  XFS_HZ=${XFS_HZ:-'100'}
-
-  #############################################################################
-
-  KLEVEL="$(uname -r |
-               {
-	       IFS='.' read a b c
-	       echo $a.$b
-	     }
-  )"
-  case "$KLEVEL" in
-	"2.4"|"2.6")
-		;;
-	*)
-		echo "Unhandled kernel version: $KLEVEL ('uname -r' = '$(uname -r)')" >&2
-		exit 1
-		;;
-  esac
-
-  if [ ! -e /proc/sys/vm/laptop_mode ] ; then
-	echo "Kernel is not patched with laptop_mode patch." >&2
-	exit 1
-  fi
-
-  if [ ! -w /proc/sys/vm/laptop_mode ] ; then
-	echo "You do not have enough privileges to enable laptop_mode." >&2
-	exit 1
-  fi
-
-  # Remove an option (the first parameter) of the form option=<number> from
-  # a mount options string (the rest of the parameters).
-  parse_mount_opts () {
-	OPT="$1"
-	shift
-	echo ",$*," | sed		\
-	 -e 's/,'"$OPT"'=[0-9]*,/,/g'	\
-	 -e 's/,,*/,/g'			\
-	 -e 's/^,//'			\
-	 -e 's/,$//'
-  }
-
-  # Remove an option (the first parameter) without any arguments from
-  # a mount option string (the rest of the parameters).
-  parse_nonumber_mount_opts () {
-	OPT="$1"
-	shift
-	echo ",$*," | sed		\
-	 -e 's/,'"$OPT"',/,/g'		\
-	 -e 's/,,*/,/g'			\
-	 -e 's/^,//'			\
-	 -e 's/,$//'
-  }
-
-  # Find out the state of a yes/no option (e.g. "atime"/"noatime") in
-  # fstab for a given filesystem, and use this state to replace the
-  # value of the option in another mount options string. The device
-  # is the first argument, the option name the second, and the default
-  # value the third. The remainder is the mount options string.
-  #
-  # Example:
-  # parse_yesno_opts_wfstab /dev/hda1 atime atime defaults,noatime
-  #
-  # If fstab contains, say, "rw" for this filesystem, then the result
-  # will be "defaults,atime".
-  parse_yesno_opts_wfstab () {
-	L_DEV="$1"
-	OPT="$2"
-	DEF_OPT="$3"
-	shift 3
-	L_OPTS="$*"
-	PARSEDOPTS1="$(parse_nonumber_mount_opts $OPT $L_OPTS)"
-	PARSEDOPTS1="$(parse_nonumber_mount_opts no$OPT $PARSEDOPTS1)"
-	# Watch for a default atime in fstab